In this article, the synthesis and the electrical and magnetic characterization of the M-type lead hexaferrite were presented. Rare-earth substituted lead hexaferrite was synthesized by the traditional ceramic process. The final product was obtained by sintering the lead hexaferrite compact at 950ºC for 2 h. According to the XRD analysis, secondary phases did not appear in the patterns. The electrical polarization curve of the sample did not confirm the ferroelectric response. The dielectric constant vs. frequency indicated a reduction trend. As observed from the polarization curve, the polarization value changed between 0.8 and -0.8 µC/cm² under the voltage of 5.76 kV. The high symmetry of the crystal in this sample is proposed to be the origin of the absence of ferroelectric response. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements confirmed the ferrimagnetic behaviour for both RT and low temperature. The saturation magnetizations (M_s) were found to be 7.54-8.08 emu/g in the temperature range of 7-22 K and the highest coercivity value was found to be 1.2 kOe and this result depicts the magnetically soft nature and multi-domain structure. The results showed that the obtained lead hexaferrite sample has acceptable magnetic properties.

Keywords: Hexaferrite, Polarization, Dielectric, Saturation magnetization, Permanent magnet.

The author is grateful to the technical support of the Afyon Kocatepe University. The characterization studies were conducted with the help of Dokuz Eylül University Center for Fabrication and Application of Electronic Materials laboratories, Izmir Institute of Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Ankara UniversityCenter of Excellence for Superconductivity Research.