High-speed motorized spindles with grease-lubricated bearings encounter significant temperature rise and vibration, severely affecting their operational accuracy. This paper proposes substituting traditional metal bearings with full-ceramic bearings to tackle this issue, given the superior material properties of ceramic. A quasi-static model was developed to analyze the behavior of full-ceramic bearings under varying speeds and preload levels, focusing on parameters such as spin-roll ratio. Subsequently, experimental tests were conducted to compare the temperature rise and vibration characteristics of full-ceramic, metal, and hybrid bearings under varying conditions, and the data were analyzed in conjunction with the quasi-static model results. The findings indicate that the dynamic and thermal characteristics of bearings generally increase with speed. While metal bearings exhibit an initial decrease followed by an increase in performance with preload increases, full-ceramic and hybrid bearings show similar trends, with performance heavily influenced by preload. The behavior of full-ceramic bearings is the best at varying speeds and preload levels, ensuring smoother machinery operation. The study provides valuable insights for the practical exertion of full-ceramic bearings in high-speed motorized spindles.

Keywords: High-speed motorized spindle, Full-ceramic bearings, Pseudo-statics method, Temperature rise characteristics, Vibration characteristics.